PTCB Study Guide

Dosage Forms Abbreviations

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<table style="width: 100%;"><tbody>
<tr>
    <td colspan="2">Dosage Forms</td> 
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>amp </td>
    <td>ampule </td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>buccal</td>
    <td>buccal tablet</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>cap </td>
    <td>capsule </td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>Cm</td>
    <td>cream</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>el or elix</td>
    <td>Elixir</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>EC tab</td>
    <td>Enteric-coated tablet </td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>expect</td>
    <td>expectorant</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>gtt</td>
    <td>drops</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>inj </td>
    <td>injection </td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>lot</td>
    <td>Lotion</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>loz</td>
    <td>Lozenge</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>MDI</td>
    <td>Metered Dose inhaler</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>sol </td>
    <td>solution </td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>spry</td>
    <td>Spray</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>supp </td>
    <td>suppository </td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>susp </td>
    <td>suspension </td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>syr </td>
    <td>syrup </td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>tab </td>
    <td>tablet </td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>tbsp</td>
    <td>Tablespoon</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>TDS </td>
    <td>transdermal delivery system </td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>tsp</td>
    <td>Teaspoon</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>TPN </td>
    <td>total parenteral nutrition </td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>pulv</td>
    <td>poweder</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>Ung or oint</td>
    <td>ointment</td>  
  </tr>
</tbody></table>

Dosage Forms Abbreviations

Dosage Forms amp ampule buccal buccal tablet cap capsule Cm cream el or elix Elixir EC tab Enteric-coated tablet expect expectorant gtt drops inj injecti…

2:31 PM

Route of Administration Abbreviations

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<table style="width: 100%;"><tbody>
<tr>
    <td colspan="2"><b>Route of Administration</b></td> 
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>OD</td>
    <td>Right Eye</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>OS</td>
    <td>Left Eye</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>OU</td>
    <td>Both Eyes</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>AD</td>
    <td>Right Ear</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>AS</td>
    <td>Left Ear </td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>AU</td>
    <td>Both Ears </td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>PO</td>
    <td>By Mouth </td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>SL</td>
    <td>Sublingual</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>NG  or NGT</td>
    <td>Feeding Tube through the nose into stomach</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>IEN or NAS</td>
    <td>by Nostril</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>Bucc</td>
    <td>Held Inside the Cheek</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>S&S</td>
    <td>Swish & Swallow </td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>HHN</td>
    <td>Hand Held Nebulizer </td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>PR</td>
    <td>Into the Rectum </td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>PV</td>
    <td>Into the Vagina</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>SubQ, SC, SQ</td>
    <td>Immediately under the skin</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>Top</td>
    <td>Topical</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>GT or PGT</td>
    <td>Feeding Tube through the abdominal wall into stomach</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>JT</td>
    <td>Feeding Tube through the small Intestine</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>IA</td>
    <td>Into a(n) artery or joint</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>IC</td>
    <td>Into the heart muscle</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>ID</td>
    <td>Into the top layer of the skin</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>IT</td>
    <td>Into the Trachea</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>IM</td>
    <td>Into a muscle</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>IV</td>
    <td>Into a vein</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>INH</td>
    <td>Inhalant</td>  
  </tr>
</tbody></table>

The most difficult pharmacy abbreviations to remember are the eyes and ears. They are very easy to mix up. Try this: When you see the O, think of "OCULAR". For the A, remember it as "AUDIO". For the letter U, think of "UNITED" - all parts.

Route of Administration Abbreviations

Route of Administration OD Right Eye OS Left Eye OU Both Eyes AD Right Ear AS Left Ear AU Both Ears PO By Mouth SL Sublingual NG or NGT Feeding Tube throug…

2:07 PM

Frequency of Dosage Abbreviations

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Also known as "Sig Codes", Prescription abbreviations are basically coded instructions from a health-care professional. The code is used to supply the words while Roman Numerals are sometimes used for the numbers. These should be memorized to prepare for the PTCB or ExCPT exams.

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<table style="width: 100%;"><tbody>
<tr>
    <td colspan="2">Frequency of Dosage</td> 
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>q</td>
    <td>Every</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>qH</td>
    <td>Every Hour</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>qAM</td>
    <td>Every Morning</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>qPM</td>
    <td>Every Night</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>qHs</td>
    <td>Every Bedtime</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>qD</td>
    <td>Everyday</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>qOD</td>
    <td>Every Other Day</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>qWK</td>
    <td>Every Week</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>qMO</td>
    <td>Every Month</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>q__o</td>
    <td>(Q) 1°, 2°, 3°, 4°, (Every 4 Hours)</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>q__H</td>
    <td>Every__Hour (Every 4 Hours)</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>BID</td>
    <td>Twice a day</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>TID</td>
    <td>Three times a day</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>QID</td>
    <td>Four times a day</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>X_D</td>
    <td>Times_Day (3x a day) </td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>C</td>
    <td>With</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>AC</td>
    <td>Before Meal</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>PC</td>
    <td>After Meal</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>HS</td>
    <td>At Bedtime</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>PRN</td>
    <td>As Needed</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>UD</td>
    <td>As Directed</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>AA</td>
    <td>Of Each</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>QS</td>
    <td>Quantity Sufficient </td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>ATC</td>
    <td>Around the clock</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>ad lib.</td>
    <td>as desired</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>STAT</td>
    <td>Immediately</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidTcdHawI9USfY5puCamB25kBCFdJxxFeHFnwOTD_S40B6erAYOYNATJbPSGe6x2aufKx1DSpnJOo6FIZMCVUL-KpaLAf4yU2OxEf7z3aR436Kfxn4nlgJ20O3pDyjYNkPYXqgDwMzfeCz/s1600/half+72dpi.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidTcdHawI9USfY5puCamB25kBCFdJxxFeHFnwOTD_S40B6erAYOYNATJbPSGe6x2aufKx1DSpnJOo6FIZMCVUL-KpaLAf4yU2OxEf7z3aR436Kfxn4nlgJ20O3pDyjYNkPYXqgDwMzfeCz/s1600/half+72dpi.png" /></a></div>
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
</td>
    <td>Half Strength</td>  
  </tr>
</tbody></table>

Frequency of Dosage Abbreviations

Also known as "Sig Codes", Prescription abbreviations are basically coded instructions from a health-care professional. The code is used to supply the words while Roman Numerals are sometimes used for the numbers. These should be memorized to prepare for the PTCB or ExCPT exams.…

1:49 PM

Generic Medication Prefixes, Roots, & Suffixes Chart

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<b>Recognizing Generic Drug Names by Prefixes, Roots, and Suffixes:</b>
<br />
Memorizing the top 200 drug names is one of the most challenging parts of studying for the
PTCB of ExCPT exams.
<br />
<br />
In generic names, there are several prefix, root and suffixes that will help you to remember what the medication does.
<br />
<br />
The chart below lists some of the prefix, root and suffixes you will see when studying the top 200 drugs.
<br />
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A prefix is placed at the beginning of a word to modify or change its meaning to "before." A Root is the central part of a word. Suffix is the ending part of a word that modifies the meaning of the word. Example: homeless. Root = 'home' and the suffix is 'less'.<br />
<br />
<table style="width: 100%;"><tbody>
<tr>
    <td><b>Prefix, Root, Suffix</b></td>
    <td><b>Drug Class</b></td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>-artan</td>
    <td>A2RB (Angiotensin 2 receptor blocker)</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>-asone</td>
    <td>Corticosteroid</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>-azosin</td>
    <td>Alpha Blocker</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>-bital</td>
    <td>Barbiturate (sedative)</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>-caine</td>
    <td>Local Anesthetic</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>-cillin</td>
    <td>Penicillin Antibiotic</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>-cort-</td>
    <td>Corticosteroid</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>-cycline</td>
    <td>Tetracycline Antibiotic</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>-dipine</td>
    <td>Calcium Channel Blocker</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>-floxacin</td>
    <td>Fluoroquinolone Antibiotic</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>-itidine</td>
    <td>H2Antagonist</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>-lax</td>
    <td>Laxative</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>-mycin</td>
    <td>Antibiotic; Antibacterial</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>-nazole</td>
    <td>Antifungal</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>-olol</td>
    <td>Beta Blocker</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>-pril</td>
    <td>Ace Inhibitor Angiotensin (Angiotensin Converting Enzyme)</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>-pam</td>
    <td>Benzodiazepines (Benzos)</td>  
  </tr>
<tr><td>-profen</td>
    <td>NSAID</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>pred-</td>
    <td>corticosteroid</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>-razole</td>
    <td>PPI = Proton Pump Inhibitor</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>-romycin</td>
    <td>Macrolide Antibiotic</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>-semide</td>
    <td>Loop Diuretic (water pill)</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>-statin</td>
    <td>Cholesterol (HG CoA Reductase Inhibitor)</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>-thiazide</td>
    <td>Thiazide Diuretic (water pill)</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>-vir</td>
    <td>Anti-Viral</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>-zodone</td>
    <td>Antidepressant</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>-zolam</td>
    <td>Benzodiazepines (Benzos)</td>  
  </tr>
</tbody><tbody></tbody></table>
<br />
Unfortunately, only a fraction of the top 200 drugs end in a common Generic Drug suffix. However, learning them may help you immensely to memorize the top 200 drugs.
<br />
<br />
<a href="http://druginfo.nlm.nih.gov/drugportal/jsp/drugportal/DrugNameGenericStems.jsp" target="_blank">There are plenty more</a> common suffixes and prefixes in generic drug names. The above list is geared to apply to the Top 200 Drug name suffixes.

Generic Medication Prefixes, Roots, & Suffixes Chart

Recognizing Generic Drug Names by Prefixes, Roots, and Suffixes: Memorizing the top 200 drug names is one of the most challenging parts of studying for the PTCB of ExCPT exams. In generic names, there are several prefix, root and suffixes that will help you to remember what the …

11:39 PM

Extended-Release Medications

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These medication dosage forms are called extended-release, sustained release, long-acting, or controlled release. Although the exact meaning of these terms differ in some respects, each of these terms implies a gradual release of medication over a long period time.<br />
<br />
<table style="width: 100%;">  <tbody>
<tr>
    <td>CD</td>
    <td>Controlled-diffusion</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>CR</td>
    <td>Controlled-release, continuous-release</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>CRT</td>
    <td>Controlled-release tablet</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>LA</td>
    <td>Long-acting</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>SA</td>
    <td>Sustained-action</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>SR</td>
    <td>Sustained-release, slow-relaese</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>TD</td>
    <td>Time-delay</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>TR</td>
    <td>Time-release</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>XL</td>
    <td>Extra-long</td>  
  </tr>
<tr>
    <td>XR</td>
    <td>Extended-release</td>  
  </tr>
</tbody></table>

Extended-Release Medications

These medication dosage forms are called extended-release, sustained release, long-acting, or controlled release. Although the exact meaning of these terms differ in some respects, each of these terms implies a gradual release of medication over a long period time. CD …

5:15 PM

Top 20 Most Commonly Diagnosed Conditions

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Research data shows the top 20 most common conditions diagnosed by primary care and specialist physicians. Treatment and indications are also listed. <br />
<br />
<table style="width: 100%;"><tbody>
<tr>     <th>Condition</th>     <th>Indications</th>       <th>Treatment</th>   </tr>
<tr>     <td>High blood pressure (hypertension)</td>     <td>Blood pressure is a measurement of the force against the walls of your arteries as your heart pumps blood through your body. Hypertension is another term used to describe high blood pressure.</td>       <td><ul>
<li>ACE Inhibitor: Benazepril, Lisinopril (Prinivil), Hydrochlorothiazide/lisinopril (Zestoretic)</li>
<li>Channel blocker: Felodipine (Plendil), Amlodipine (Norvasc), Nifedipine (Procardia)</li>
<li>Diuretic: Triamterene, Chlorothiazide, Hydrochlorothiazide/losartan (Hyzaar), Chlorthalidone (Thalitone), Furosemide, Hydrochlorothiazide (Microzide)</li>
<li>Heart medication: Nitroglycerin through the skin (Nitro-Dur)</li>
<li>Other treatments: Irbesartan (Avapro), Metoprolol, Nadolol (Corgard), Candesartan (Atacand), Telmisartan (Micardis), Losartan (Cozaar), Valsartan (Diovan), Labetalol (Trandate), Bisoprolol (Zebeta), Carvedilol (Coreg), Spironolactone (Aldactone), Atenolol (Tenormin)</li>
</ul>
</td>   </tr>
<tr>     <td>Cholesterol, HDL, Hypercholesterolemia, Hyperlipidemia, Hyperlipoproteinemia, LDL</td>     <td>High amounts of cholesterol in the blood. High cholesterol can limit blood flow, increasing risk of heart attack or stroke. It's detected by a blood test.</td>       <td><ul>
<li>Diabetes medication: Fenofibrate (Tricor), Gemfibrozil (Lopid)</li>
<li>Statin: Ezetimibe/simvastatin (Vytorin), Lovastatin (Mevacor), Pravastatin (Pravachol), Fluvastatin (Lescol), Simvastatin (Zocor), Atorvastatin (Lipitor)</li>
<li>Other treatments: Niacin (Niacor), Ezetimibe (Zetia), Colestipol (Colestid)</li>
</ul>
</td>   </tr>
<tr>     <td>Type 2 diabetes<br />
Also called: adult onset diabetes</td>     <td>Diabetes means your blood glucose, or blood sugar, levels are too high. With type 2 diabetes, the more common type, your body does not make or use insulin well.</td>       <td><ul>
<li>Diabetes medication: Metformin/saxagliptin monohydrate, Metformin/rosiglitazone, Metformin/pioglitazone, Acarbose (Precose), Glyburide/metformin (Glucovance), Glipizide/metformin, Sitagliptin/metformin (Janumet), Glyburide (Micronase), Sitagliptin (Januvia), Glipizide (Glucotrol), Glimepiride (Amaryl), Metformin (Glucophage), Saxagliptin (Onglyza), Insulin aspart, Rosiglitazone (Avandia), Pioglitazone (Actos)</li>
<li>Diabetes medication by injection: Insulin lispro (Humalog), Insulin, Insulin glargine (Lantus), Exenatide (Byetta), Insulin detemir (Levemir)</li>
<li>Statin: Atorvastatin (Lipitor)</li>
</ul>
</td>   </tr>
<tr>     <td>Back pain</td>     <td>A common, painful condition affecting the lower portion of the spine. Pain: in the back, hip, leg, tailbone, or muscle and bone.<br />
Sensory: pins and needles or sensitivity to pain. Also common: leg numbness or muscle spasms</td>       <td><ul>
<li>Anti-inflammatory: Ketorolac by injection or by mouth (Toradol)</li>
<li>Muscle relaxant: Metaxalone (Skelaxin), Methocarbamol (Robaxin), Cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril ), Carisoprodol</li>
<li>Pain reliever: Tramadol (Ultram)</li>
</ul>
</td>   </tr>
<tr>     <td>Anxiety</td>     <td>Severe anxiety that lasts at least six months is generally considered to be problem that might benefit from evaluation and treatment. Each anxiety disorder has different symptoms, but all the symptoms cluster around excessive, irrational fear and dread.</td>       <td><ul>
<li>Antidepressants: (Prozac, Sarafem), imipramine (Tofranil), paroxetine (Paxil, Pexeva), sertraline (Zoloft) and venlafaxine (Effexor XR). Citalopram (Celexa) and escitalopram (Lexapro)</li>
<li>Buspirone.</li>
<li>Benzodiazepines: Alprazolam (Niravam, Xanax), chlordiazepoxide (Librium), clonazepam (Klonopin), diazepam (Valium), and lorazepam (Ativan).</li>
</ul>
</td>   </tr>
<tr>     <td>Obesity</td>     <td>A disorder involving excessive body fat that increases the risk of health problems.</td>       <td>The mainstay of treatment is lifestyle changes such as diet and exercise.</td>   </tr>
<tr>     <td>Allergic rhinitis/ Seasonal allergies</td>     <td>An allergic response causing itchy, watery eyes, sneezing, and other similar symptoms.</td>       <td><ul>
<li>Antihistamine: Levocetirizine (Xyzal), Azelastine nasally (Astelin), Desloratadine (Clarinex)</li>
<li>Steroids: Triamcinolone, Budesonide by inhaling</li>
<li>Steroids nasally: Budesonide, Beclomethasone (Beconase), Flunisolide, Mometasone (Nasonex), Triamcinolone acetonide (Nasacort), Fluticasone (Flonase)</li>
<li>Other treatments: Ciclesonide nasally (Omnaris), Ipratropium nasally (Atrovent)</li>
</ul>
</td>   </tr>
<tr>     <td>Reflux esophagitis/ Acid reflux</td>     <td>Digestive disease in which stomach acid or bile irritates the food pipe lining.</td>       <td><ul>
<li>Stomach acid supressant: Pantoprazole (Protonix), Dexlansoprazole (Dexilant), Rabeprazole (Aciphex)</li>
<li>Other treatments: Sucralfate (Carafate)</li>
</ul>
</td>   </tr>
<tr>     <td>Respiratory Diseases</td>     <td>A group of lung diseases that block airflow and make it difficult to breathe.</td>       <td><ul>
<li>Steroids: Fluticasone/salmeterol by mouth</li>
<li>Steroids by inhaling: Budesonide/formoterol (Symbicort), Budesonide, Fluticasone/salmeterol, Fluticasone, Beclomethasone</li>
<li>Other treatments: Arformoterol by inhaling (Brovana), Formoterol by inhaling (Foradil), Ipratropium by inhaling (Atrovent), Salmeterol by inhaling or by mouth, Acetylcysteine, Indacaterol by inhaling, Albuterol/ipratropium by inhaling (Duoneb), Tiotropium bromide by inhaling (Spiriva), Albuterol by inhaling (Accuneb) or into the windpipe, Levalbuterol by inhaling (Xopenex)</li>
</ul>
</td>   </tr>
<tr>     <td>Hypothyroidism /Underactive thyroid</td>     <td>A condition in which the thyroid gland doesn't produce enough thyroid hormone.</td>       <td>Levothyroxine (Synthroid)</td>   </tr>
<tr>     <td>Visual Refractive Errors/ Farsightedness, Hyperopia, Myopia, Nearsightedness </td>     <td>Refractive errors are vision problems that happen when the shape of the eye keeps you from focusing well. </td>       <td>Eyeglasses, Contact Lenses, Refractive Surgery</td>   </tr>
<tr>     <td>Osteoarthritis/ OA, degenerative joint diseas</td>     <td>A type of arthritis that occurs when flexible tissue at the ends of bones wears down.</td>       <td><ul>
<li>Anti-inflammatory: Indometacin (Indocin), Etodolac (Lodine), Meloxicam (Mobic), Piroxicam (Feldene), Diclofenac by mouth or to the affected area (Voltaren), Celecoxib (Celebrex)</li>
<li>Pain reliever: Tramadol (Ultram)</li>
<li>Steroids: Cortisone</li>
</ul>
</td>   </tr>
<tr>     <td>Fibromyalgia/myositis, neuritis, fibrositis</td>     <td>Widespread muscle pain and tenderness.</td>       <td><ul>
<li>Muscle relaxant: Cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril )</li>
<li>Other treatments: Paroxetine (Paxil), Fluoxetine (Prozac), Milnacipran (Savella), Pregabalin (Lyrica), Duloxetine (Cymbalta), Venlafaxine (Effexor), Gabapentin (Neurontin), Sertraline (Zoloft), Amitriptyline</li>
</ul>
</td>   </tr>
<tr>     <td>Malaise and fatigue</td>     <td>Malaise is a generalized feeling of discomfort, illness, or lack of well-being. Fatigue (feeling tired) occurs with malaise in many diseases. Along with malaise, you can have a feeling of not having enough energy to do usual activities.</td>       <td></td>   </tr>
<tr>     <td>Joint Pain</td>     <td>Conditions that can lead to painful joints, include osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, bursitis, gout, strains, sprains, and other injuries.</td>       <td>Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) such as ibuprofen or naproxen may help relieve pain and swelling. </td>   </tr>
<tr>     <td>Acute laryngopharyngitis/ Laryngitis</td>     <td>An inflammation of the voice box from overuse, irritation, or infection.</td>       <td><ul>
<li>Anti-inflammatory: Ibuprofen (Advil)</li>
<li>Pain reliever: Acetaminophen (Tylenol)</li>
<li>Stomach acid supressant: Omeprazole (Prilosec), Esomeprazole (Nexium), Lansoprazole (Prevacid)</li>
<li>Other treatments: Calcium carbonate (Tums)</li>
</ul>
</td>   </tr>
<tr>     <td>Acute maxillary sinusitis/ sinus infection</td>     <td>A condition in which the cavities around the nasal passages become inflamed.</td>       <td><ul>
<li>Antibiotics: Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (Augmentin), Cefuroxime, Amoxicillin (Amoxil), Cefprozil, Moxifloxacin, Cefdinir, Levofloxacin, Ciprofloxacin, Azithromycin (Zithromax), Clarithromycin (Biaxin)</li>
<li>Steroids nasally: Budesonide, Beclomethasone (Beconase), Flunisolide, Mometasone (Nasonex), Fluticasone (Flonase)</li>
</ul>
</td>   </tr>
<tr>     <td>Major depression/ clinical depression</td>     <td>A mood disorder causing a persistent feeling of sadness and loss of interest.</td>       <td>Escitalopram (Lexapro), Selegiline (Eldepryl), Aripiprazole (Abilify), Bupropion (Wellbutrin), Imipramine (Tofranil-PM), Paroxetine (Paxil), Desvenlafaxine, Fluoxetine (Prozac), Trazodone (Desyrel), Nortriptyline (Pamelor), Buspirone, Amitriptyline, Fluvoxamine, Citalopram (Celexa), Venlafaxine (Effexor), Mirtazapine (Remeron), Sertraline (Zoloft), Duloxetine (Cymbalta)<br />
<ul>
</ul>
</td>   </tr>
<tr>     <td>Acute bronchitis/ bronchial infection</td>     <td>Inflammation of the lining of bronchial tubes, which carry air to and from the lungs.</td>       <td><ul>
<li>Antibiotics: Amoxicillin (Amoxil), Azithromycin (Zithromax), Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (Augmentin)</li>
<li>Pain reliever: Codeine</li>
<li>Steroids: Fluticasone by inhaling</li>
<li>Other treatments: Prednisone (Deltasone), Albuterol by inhaling (Accuneb)</li>
</ul>
</td>   </tr>
<tr>     <td>Asthma</td>     <td>A condition in which a person's airways become inflamed, narrow and swell, and produce extra mucus.</td>       <td><ul>
<li>Steroids: Methylprednisolone by injection</li>
<li>Steroids by inhaling: Beclomethasone, Fluticasone, Fluticasone/salmeterol, Budesonide, Flunisolide (Aerospan), Budesonide/formoterol (Symbicort)</li>
<li>Other treatments: Levalbuterol, Tiotropium bromide, Albuterol/ipratropium by inhaling (Duoneb), Zileuton (Zyflo), Zafirlukast (Accolate), Pirbuterol, Salmeterol by inhaling, Prednisone (Deltasone), Albuterol, Ipratropium by inhaling (Atrovent)</li>
</ul>
</td>  </tr>
</tbody></table>

Top 20 Most Commonly Diagnosed Conditions

Research data shows the top 20 most common conditions diagnosed by primary care and specialist physicians. Treatment and indications are also listed. Condition Indications Treatment High blood pressure (hypertension) Blood pressure is a measurement of…

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